Journal Archive
Monday
Apr122010

Under the Influence

On any given day, we humans may find ourselves rushing physically and mentally, trying to split hours, minutes, and seconds to fit more and more tasks into a day. I am amazed how quickly a full day disappears while in this routine way of being.

House Finch nest atop old wreath hanging outside our front door. (Click to enlarge)Conversely, when I have had the time to be immersed in nature for one full day, or seven, or twenty-one, the days seem to last so much longer. I watch the sun rise, and slowly, leisurely, perfectly, it moves across the sky until at last it sinks below the horizon. Throughout such a day, there is a fantastic amount of activity taking place, though nothing really seems in a hurry. Plants develop quietly while swaying in gentle breezes, while various organic processes happen invisibly within. Some animals move secretly about the landscape, while others stride boldly across the road or soar high overhead.

The energy of spring is upon the landscape, manifesting in such events as bursting buds, blooming flowers, flooding wetlands, unfurling leaves, developing eggs, singing birds, hatching insects, birthing babies, and fidgeting humans. So much progress takes place in nature each day during spring that any day not spent outside observing it can feel like a significant loss to nature lovers and naturalists. Spring is a festival of grand performances delivered concurrently by every living organism under its influence.

A familiar spring event is the unfurling of "fiddleheads" on fern plants. (Click to enlarge)Paper Wasp queen starting a nest. Note egg deposited inside top cell. Soon these eggs will hatch and she'll have lots of help with construction and other nest duties. (Click to enlarge)The photos in today’s blog post represent just a few of the many events in nature that are taking place while we are executing our to-do lists. Let them be a reminder for us to take time daily to observe the wonder and beauty around us as spring progresses.

 

Thursday
Apr082010

Dance of the Robin

 It was a few days before spring, before the nor’easter pounded our area saturating every square inch of field and forest. I was standing outside behind the nature center where I work, looking at the low gray clouds sliding greasily overhead. It was quiet – not much in the way of spring bird songs yet. After a moment or two I became aware of some sound that seemed to be at once every where and nowhere. I looked around, initially seeing nothing large that matched the sound I was hearing. A moment later, looking at the landscape with wide-angle vision (a sort of unfocused gazing where a wider field of vision is achieved), I found the source of the sound. A robin was in the dry leaves scratching for insects. Then I became aware all at once that there were more than fifty robins spread out over the surrounding, thinly-wooded landscape, all intently hunting for worms and other insects.


The sound was amazing, and I stood there in awe of this phenomenon. Each individual bird was busy sorting through the dry grasses and leaves in a random yet harmonious manner. The sound entered not only my ears, but my body as well. I was inside this sound, drawn in and enveloped by this sort of tribal dance of the Robins. Stamping, thumping, clawing, scratching, flicking, hopping, pecking, flipping, and darting. It was simply fantastic!

Beyond the experience that this sensation felt wonderful, I noticed that in some inexplicable way, I was being nourished by the encounter with these dancing robins. I was being fed by nature on every level: my body (the pre-lunch hunger left me, and I felt more relaxed), my mind (relief from too much logistical planning; a shift from left-brained to right-brained activity), spirit (experiencing my connection with the spirit-that-moves-through-all-things), and my emotions (dreariness lifted and replaced with joy and excitement).

The American Robin, a member of the notable Thrush family, is one of the first birds in North America in to lay eggs in early spring. They produce several broods per year, laying between three and five eggs in the classic “Robin’s Egg Blue” color. The nest is a sturdy one constructed of mud, feathers, twigs, bits of paper, dried grass, and lined with softer material. Both parents will feed the chicks, but nest construction is the domain of the female, most likely because she alone sits on it incubating the eggs and so needs a proper fit. It takes two weeks for the eggs to hatch, and the chicks are fledged from the nest in another two weeks. Sometimes “decoy” nests are build to fool any watchful predators like crows and raccoons.

The American Robin (Click to enlarge).The robin is a handsome bird, and a skillful hunter (though its Latin name, Turdus migratorious is not as impressive). I am completely captivated by their hunting prowess. They are not birds of prey, as are the hawks, but try telling that to the worms! The robin begins his hunt standing motionless; a moment later, a short burst of speed as he runs ahead, then stops abruptly. He tilts his head, then bows smartly towards the ground and pauses; a slight adjustment of aim, then a precise strike with his yellow beak, stabbing at the soil, tugging sharply at his prize: an earthworm. It is hypnotic to watch the Robin do this over and over again.

If the robin eats worm after worm upon capturing them, there may not be any young to feed, but if the bird grabs a worm and flies away, it is most likely feeding nestlings. If you can follow the flight path of the bird, you may soon discover its nest site (usually not more than fifteen feet above the ground in an evergreen tree, dense shrub, or a forked tree. In a few moments, the bird will probably head out again to continue hunting. See if the pattern is repeated a few more times to confirm the nest location. I have often observed some robins grabbing a new worm with previous victims crammed and wriggling in its beak.

The female’s coloring is a slightly muted version of the male’s famous orange or rusty red breast. Both sexes have a black and charcoal gray back and head with a white eye ring. The beak is a pronounced yellow. These descriptions of their markings are only the most obvious ones. If you take the time to really look at a robin for more than a casual glance, you’ll see the bird is sporting subtle detail and coloring that help it blend in with the tree bark and dried leaves. I always enjoy the robin’s unmistakable and cheerful song as it penetrates the cool mists of dawn and the hazy gray of twilight.

Thursday
Apr012010

Photo Gallery Now Open

I have so many photos and I take new ones every week. For the moment, there are just a few photos in the Gallery to give you an idea of what I'm working towards. Clicking on the thumbnails will open a larger version of the image. Most photos were taken with inexpensive digital cameras (I love my Canon SD1100 iS PowerShot camera!)

Remember those Spring Beauties I mentioned in my post titled Beneath the Snows of Late Winter? Well here is what they look like. These flowers are a personal favorite of mine.

Spring Beauty flowers (Clintonia virginica)One day perhaps 10 years ago I was walking through the woods at the end of March and came across a large spray of these small wildflowers, their faces towards the sky sunning themselves as it were. All around them on the forest floor were the drab, defeated leaves of last year and a few blades of green grass and wild onions. I felt such sudden elation at seeing the Spring Beauties that I literally gasped, stopping in my tracks. As I savored the details of these cheerful, candy striped flowers, I noticed that there were a variety of equally diminutive flies and ants exploring the insides for nectar and pollen.

Wednesday
Mar312010

Rite of Spring

There are a number of events in nature that herald the arrival of spring, and all are wonderful to behold and lift my spirit. Perhaps the most thrilling to me, though, is the sound of Spring Peepers and Wood Frogs calling for a mate. Even on cold nights in early spring, I'll keep the bedroom window slightly open so I can fall asleep listening to the clamorous trilling and quacking calls of these amphibians in wetlands off in the distance. Having spent many hours surveying wetlands for breeding amphibians and other vernal pool species, I know what is going on out there in the dark, cold wetlands. I can lie in bed with eyes closed and feel connected to the rite of spring taking place as it has for millions of years.

Note the distinctive eye "mask" of adult Wood Frog. (Click to enlarge)Approaching the edge of such a woodland pool at night, the sometimes deafening volume of such singing amphibians literally rattles my brain. With hundreds of individuals dispersed throughout the black water and wet leaves, you would think they'd be easy to see with a flashlight, yet only a few individuals can be seen floating in the water or embraced in the act of mating. Some are seen hopping to and fro on logs or leaves. The vast majority of Wood Frogs and Peepers that are producing such a tremendous sound are hidden very well. In fact, the vibration of their combined intermittent calls make it almost impossible to target an individual. This helps to minimize predation by Raccoons, owls and other predators. 

In the relative quiet daylight hours, you can look into the same pond and see egg masses of Wood Frogs and Yellow Spotted salamanders that were deposited during some previous night's primal union. Female Wood Frogs and Yellow-Spotted Salamanders often deposit their eggs on submerged vegetation, branches, or grasses near the surface and in a sunny location to aid incubation. As the egg masses absorb water, they plump up creating a gelatinous protective layer around each egg. This will help protect the embryo from drying out should the water level in the pond temporarily dip low enough to expose the eggs.

The Yellow-Spotted Salamander egg mass is cloudy and whitish, with a secondary gelatinous membrane containing the cluster of individual eggs. As the season progresses, the eggs are colonized by a green algae Oophila amblysomatis. The alga produces oxygen by photosynthesis near the embryo where it is required for development. In turn carbon dioxide, a by-product of the embryo's metabolism, is available to the alga. This symbiotic relationship is just one of the many intricacies of life in a vernal pool (see my Vernal Pools article for more about these critical wetlands). Some salamander eggs don't acquire the algae Oophilais and remain whitish. Those that do get the algae turn green. Apparently, more embryos in the mass survive when Oophila is present. This alga exists in nature exclusively in the eggs of a few species of amphibians. I find this fact to be very intriguing indeed! (Click on photos below to enlarge.)

Symbiotic algae inside floating egg masses.Wood Frog egg masses spread out when lifted.Yellow-Spotted Salamander egg masses.Wood Frog egg masses differ in that they have no outer gelatinous envelope to contain the group of individual eggs. Consequently, when lifted gently out of the water in your hand, Wood Frog egg masses tend to spread out whereas the salamander masses retain their plump, firm appearance when lifted from the water. In addition, Wood Frog egg masses are clear, not white, with embryos visible within each egg.

Eggs hatch between mid-May through June. The tadpoles must complete their development before the water of the pond dries up or dissolved oxygen levels drop too low to survive. Amphibians that are dependent on the temporary nature of ephemeral pools and wetlands have evolved to take advantage of the lack of fish in such bodies of water. The presence of fish populations would ensure that no egg or adult went undigested. Consequently, frogs and salamanders, and other creatures of such vernal (springtime) pools, have adapted to periods of full water and the eventual drying out in late summer.

For more information on the importance of these spring ephemeral pools, read my short article about Vernal Pools.

Monday
Mar292010

Minute Nature Movies – a Preview!

Okay, I had planned to create a batch of these "Minute Nature Movies" as I call them before letting the cat out of the bag and announcing this new website feature, but when I came across this video clip, I couldn't resist sharing it with you now. 
 
The star of this movie was discovered rehearsing on a piece of firewood by my friend Dan. Luckily, I had the presence of mind to grab the camera. Neither myself nor Dan trained or tricked this fellow into performing. We are still wondering what really may have been going on here. . .